POL.4313: Peace and Conflict Resolution: Ethnic Conflict and---

DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEFACULTY OF SOCIAL AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCESBAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO

POL.4313: Peace and Conflict Resolution
Subtitle: Ethnic Conflict and Social Change in Post-Cold War Era
Academic Year: 2007/2008 Second Semester
Instructor: M.M. YUSUF
mmyusif58@yahoo.com
mmyusif07@gmail.com
polbuk@yahoo.com
http://www.mmyusuf.blogspot.com

INTRODUCTION:
Fourty years ago, precisely in 1969, Saul Alinsky observed that "Life is conflict and in conflict you are alive". This is echoing hundreds of years of written works on the subject. The only area where social scientists of various shades of opinion and ideological inclinations, agree that conflict is important for human progress and development.
Therefore, tenth of years ago, conflict studies became a science. The current interest in peace and conflict studies is not new. However, one may rightly argue that the current globalisation has produced more conflicts than the past history of human development. Secondly, the present global economy has produced powerful transnational forces with a stake in generating conflicts in some parts of the globe and peace in others.
This development has made it that as all forms of conflicts have become part of our lives we have to, through teaching and research be made to develop skills and knowledge which will enable us to understand and resolve all kinds of conflicts in our relationships so that we can move forward.
In line with this thinking, in 2003/2004 I have introduced a Teaching Programme for 400 level students of political science, in Peace and Conflict Resolution. It is now being taught for five years as POL4313 (a 3 credit course). Since, the focus of the course changes every academic session. As:
Conflict and Peace - making in Africa of the 21st Century 2003/2004 session
Globalisation, conflict and peace-making in Africa 2004/2005
Economic globalisation, conflict/violence and peace-making 2005/2006
Globalisation, Ethnic Conflict and Social Change 2006/2007
Ethnic Conflict and Social Change in Post-cold War Era 2007/2008
The treatment of the issues involved application of several different approaches and theories in peace and conflict studies.
Orientation of the Course
Globalisation (which coincides with Post-cold War Era) is a great force in human history. Scholars argued that it is inevitable and irresistible force on course of development of human society. As a process it brings a contradictory motion of global integration on the one hand and local fragmentation on the other. This has resulted in violence and many forms of conflict - ethno-nationalist, religious, industrial and political, in both developed and the developing countries.
The focus of the course in this academic session is globalisation ethnic conflict and social change. A comparative study of both ethnic conflict and management in countries in the North and the South would be made. The course introduces new perspectives on conflict and peace studies which examines how "economic globalisation and market democracy" resulted in frequent ethnic and ethno-national conflicts in developed and the developing world.
In order to understand ethnic conflict in the current era of globalisation, there is need to rethink about theory of ethnicity, as well as to examine the nature and dynamics of class forces and state in the conjecture. On the other hand the forces of globalisation have weakened the power of state to the extent of incapacity to deal with conflicts and violence in the society.
The primary intention is to expose students to new perspectives on understanding ethnic conflicts within the context of dynamics of globalisation in Nigeria. However, the scope is expanded to examine different patterns in former Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, other European countries and Africa. It is hoped that students would be able to make a comparative analysis.
The course identifies six major areas in the literature in respect of the subject i.e. Ethnic conflict and social change in Post-cold war period. First, we shall examine the major concepts i.e. ethnic, ethnicity, and nation and the relationship between them. Second, is toward a theory and practice of ethnicity and ethnic relations in the Old and New World Order. The third issue introduces some perspectives on globalisation and conflict. This will include among other things economic liberalisation, violence and war, as well as globalisation, information technology and conflict. The fourth is an over view of "New Ethnic Conflict in Africa and beyond by making a comparative analysis. Fifthly, given the extent of ethnic destruction in these "New Wars", we will examine International Humanitarian Law and ethnic conflict. Sixthly, is globalisation and ethnic conflict management, including peace building, post-conflict development and reconstruction.
TOPICS AND READINGS
General Introduction
Introducing the course; the topics to be treated; the recommended readings; assessment of the programme by students; other issues;
Definitions of key concepts
Globalization; conflict; social conflict; ethnic; ethnicity; nation nationality; nationalism; new war; peace; peacekeeping; peace building; peacemaking; conflict resolution; conflict management; conflict settlement. Conflict termination; conflict prevention; conflict provention;
Required Readings:
Cheryl Hendricks, "The National Question, Ethnic, and state: some Insights on South Africa". In G. Nzongola-Ntalaja and Margaret C. Lee (editors). The state and Democracy in Africa.
Ronaldo Munck, The difficult dialogue: Marxism and Nationalism. Pgs. 1-8
Festus Okoye (editor). Ethnic and Religious Rights in Nigeria. Chapter 1
Definitions of the concepts on the web
John Burton, conflict resolution pgs. 1-11
IRC, Conflict resolution pgs. 6-12
James Mittelmann (editor). Globalization: critical Reflections
David Held et al. Global transformations: politics, economics ad culture pgs. 1-31
Robert cox. A perspective on globalization
Jan Aant Scholte. Globalization: A critical Introduction
Jaroslav k. and Vitezslav V., Ethnic and Political Nations in Europe. Chapter 3
Ethnicity: Toward a General Theory and Experience of Ethnicity in Old and New World Order
Required Readings
Nathan Glazer and Daniel P. M. (eds.) Ethnicity: Theory and Experience
R. A. Schermerhorn, Comparative Ethnic Relations: A Framework for Theory and Research
Ronaldo Munck op. cit Chapter 8
Berch B. "Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict in the Age of globalisation
Ashley W. D. "Rethinking the National Question: Toward a Theory of Ethnicity and Nationality in the New World Order".
Alliance Marxist Leninist, The National Question in the era of globalisation
Eskor Toyo, The National Question in Nigeria
The Debate on the National Question and Radical Politics in Nigeria
Bamgura Yusif, The Search for identity: Ethnicity and Political Violence
Egwu G. S. "Ethnicity, Economic crisis and National Development in Nigeria" In Nnoli (ed.) Dead-End to Nigerian Development.
State and Ethno-National Conflict
Required Readings
Bjorn Beckman, Neo-Colonialism, Capitalism and the State in Nigeria
Larry Diamond, Class, ethnicity and Democratic State: Nigeria, 1950 - 1966
Doornbos, M. "Linking the future to the past: ethnicity and pluralism" ROAPE No. 52.
Ifeka Caroline, "Ethnic Nationalities, God and the State: Wither the Federal Republic of Nigeria? ROAPE No. 85.
Globalization and Conflict: Theoretical perspectives.
Required Reading
Charles O. Lerche: The conflicts of Globalization. Website
Havard H. et al. Globalization and conflict. Website
Mark Duffield, Internal Conflict: Adaptation and Reaction to Globalization. Website
Samir Amin. "Economic Globalization and Political Universalism: Conflicting Issues". Journal of World Systems Research vol. 3 (2000)
Margit B. and Gerald S. When Globalization Discontent Turn Violent: Foreign Economic Liberalization and Internal War. Website
Samuel P. Huntington. " The clash of civilization".
Francis Fukuyama. "The end of History".
Yash Tandon. The Violence of globalization. Website
George Spriel. " Globalisation and Conflict". Website.
Joseph Stiglitz. " Globalisation and its Discontents". Website
Globalization and Ethnic Conflicts: Some perspectives.
Required Readings
Anamaria D. Globalization and Ethnic conflict: Beyond the Liberal-Nationalist Distinction. Website.
Amy C. World on Fire: How Exporting Free Market Democracy Breeds Ethnic Hatred and Global Instability. Website.
Daniel Conversi, Americanasation and the Planetary Spread of Ethnic Conflict: The Globalization Trap. Website
John R. Bowen, " The myth of Global Ethnic Conflict". Journal of Democracy Vol. 7 No. 4
Samir Amin, Capitalism in the Age of Globalization. Chapter 4
Globalization, Information Technology and Ethnic Conflict.
Required Readings
Ernest J. Wilson: Globalization, Information Technology, and conflict in the Second and Third Worlds: A Critical Review of the Literature. Website
Ali Mazrui: Nigeria between Lord Lugard and the Digital Divide: political culture and the Skill revolution". Website
Manuel Castells. " Information Technology, Globalisation and social development" pgs. 8-11
Anthony L. et al "Promises of Access and Inclusion: Online Education in Africa". Journal of Philosophy of Education. Vol.14 No.1
Hendrik Bussiek "Pipes without Water. And where are the pipes? Information and Communication Technologies in Africa". IPS 3.2005
Globalisation, cultural and ethnic conflict
Required Readings
Phillip O. Sijuwade, "Globalisation and Cultural Conflict in Developing Countries: The South African Example", Anthropologist Vol. 8 No.2
John Tomlinson; Globalisation and Cultural Identity", Website
David Rothkop "In praise of cultural impervalism? Effects of Globalisation on culture" Foreign policy June 22, 1997
Samuel Huntington, "Clash of Civilisation".
Frances Fukayama "The end of History".
Phil Marfleet, "Globalisation and Religious activism" In Ray Kiely and Phil Marfteet (et al) Globalisation and the Third World
9. New Ethnic Conflict in Africa and Beyond: An Overview
Required Readings
Patrice Tengo "Globalisation, New War and perpetuation of conflicts in Africa" Codesria Bulletin
Adebayo Adedeji (editor). Comprehending and mastering African conflicts. The search for sustainable peace and Good Governance. Chapters 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, and 9
Pamina M.F "New" War theory, does the case of Colombia Apply", Journal of Peace and Development
Cordula R. "Why are violent intrastate conflicts protracted? Looking at Azar’s Model"
Mohammed Sulaiman (Editor). Ecology, Politics and Violent Conflict. Chapters 1 and 2
Steven L. Burg. "Nationalism and Civil Identity: Ethnic models for Macedonia and Kosovo". In Barnett R. (editor) cases and strategies for preventive Action.
Ronnie L. and Bevely C. "Economic Globalisation and the "New" Ethnic Strife: What is to be done?
10. Ethnic Conflict and Collapse of States in Africa
Required Readings
J.D. Kandeh: "Ransoming the state, elite origins of subattern terror in Sierra Leone", ROAPE No.83
Chris Allen: "Warfare, Endemic violence and state collapse in Africa", State failure in the Congo: Perceptions and realties" ROAPE No.93/94
Theodore Trepan Sakua et al, "State failure in the Congo: Perceptions and realities". ROAPE No.93/94
Roger Charlton and Roy May. "Warlords and Molitarism in Chad". ROAPE No.48
David Keen. "Greedy Elites, dwindling resources alienated youth: The anatomy of protracted violence in Sierra Leone". IPS 2/2003
Stephen Ellis, "The Old roots of African New Wars". IPS 2/2003
William Reno. "Political Networks in a failing state: The roots and future of violent conflict in Sierra Leone" IPS 2/2003
William Reno. "Warlord Politics and African States".
William I Zartman (ed) Collapsed States; The disintegration and restoration of legitimate authority
Ken Menkhaus, "State collapse in Somalia: Second Thoughts" ROAPE No.97
Jutta Baakonyi and kirsts stuvoy. "Violence and Social order beyond the state; Somalia and Angola". ROAPE No.104/5
Susan L. Woodward. "Failed state: Warlondism and "Tribal" warfore" website
11. Settlers and Residents: Ethnic Conflict in Nigeria
Required Readings
Dung Pam Sha. "Ethnicity and Political Conflicts in Jos: Emergence, Dimensions and the way forward", In Festus Okoye op cit
Rebecca Sako. "The crisis of ethnicity in Kaduna State". In Festus Okoye Op cit
Akin Akinteye et al. "Zangon Kataf Crisis: A case study".
Mahood Mamdani, Citizen and Subject
Mahmood Mandani, "Kivu 1997: An essay on citizenship and the state crisis in Africa".
Samuel G. Egwu "Ethnicity and Citizenship Rights in Nigeria"
12. Comparative Analysis of Ethnicity and ethnic conflicts in Africa; Eastern Europe; and former Soviet Union
Required Readings
A.S. Mohammed, "The dynamics of the current ethnic conflicts". Nigerian Journal of Policy and strategy. Vol.12 Nos. 1 and 2
Yusuf Bangura, "The search for identity: ethnicity, religion and political violence".
Jaroslau K. and Vitezslau V. Ethnic and Political Nations in Europe
Abdullahi Adamu, "Ethnic Conflicts in Nigeria" Website
Mary Kaldor, New Old Wars: Organised Violence in a Global Era
Abdul Raufu Mustapha. "The National Question and Radical Politics in Nigeria". ROAPE No.37
13. Globalisation and Ethnic Conflict Management
Required Readings
Arend Liphart, Democracy in plural societies: A comparative explanation
IRC Conflict Resolution
R.T. Akinyele, "Power-sharing and conflict management in Africa: Nigeria, Sudan and Rwanda". Africa Development Vol.12
Rian Leath and Hussaini Solomon, "On ethnicity and ethnic conflict management in Nigeria", Africa Journal in Conflict Resolution No.1/2001
Yusuf Bangura. "Democratisation and Governance Reforms in Plural Societies".
Stephen Wright, "Nigeria: Dilemmas Ahead: A Political Risk Analysis
Eric Stern et al. "Crisis Management in Transitional Democracies: The Baltic Experience", Government and Opposition Vol.37
Steven L. Burg. "Nationalism and Civil Identity: Ethnic Models for Macedonia and Kosovo". Op cit
Anastassia Obydenkova, "Institutional tools of conflict management - Asymnetrical Federalism in Ethnic - Territorial conflicts: Quantitative Analysis of Russian Regions. Peace, Conflict and Development: An Internadisciplinary Journal Vol.7 (2005)
Jaroslau K. and Vitezslau V. Ethnic and Political Nations in Europe Op cit Part two
Perry Mars, Ethnic Politics, Mediation, and conflict Resolution: The Guyana Experience",
M.M. Yusif, Theoretical Issues in Conflict. Analysis and dynamics". Polbuk@yahoo.com
Ahmad A.H. "The Reconceptualisation of Conflict Management". Journal of Peace and Development

14. Globalisation, Ethnic Conflict and Peace Making; Humanitarian Law in Armed Conflict; Post-conflict development and re- construction
Required Readings
Winrich K. et al WEUS Role in Crisis Management and Conflict Resolution in Sub-Saharan Africa
Winrich K. Peace Support Operations: How to make them succeed". IPS 4/1999
John Rope, "Regional Versus Global Approaches to Peace making and Peace Enforcement". IPS 2/1996
James B.D. and Rafael P.M. "United Nations Peace Keepers and International Human Law: can there be an affirmative duty to prevent war crimes and crimes against humanity?
David Moore, "Levelling the playing fields and Embedding illusions: Post-conflict discourse and Neo-Liberal Development in War torn Africa", ROAPE No.23
Shepard Forman and Steward Patricia (ed.). Good Intentions: Pledges of Aid for Post-Conflict Recovery
Kumar Krishna (editor). Post-Conflict Elections, Democratisation and International Assistance
Agata D. "Theory Versus Practice: Peace Processes in Bosnia Journal of peace and Development.
15. Reports on Semester Group Projects
Each Seminar will be invited to come and make presentation of small research project conducted during the semester. Then a response paper of each report will be submitted by another seminar
16. Conclusion
Concluding remarks by the course instructor on the course and performance of the students during the course work; critical comments by students on their classroom experience and views on the subject matter of the course; Then any other thing both by students and the instructor.
Joint Readings
Marina Ottaway. "Ethnic Politics in Africa: Change and continuity". Richard Joseph (ad) State conflict and democracy in Africa
Donald Rothschild, "Ethnic insecurity, peace agreements and state building". Richard Joseph (ed) Op cit
Also chapters 18 and 19 in Richard Joseph
Ali A. Mazrui, "Globalisation and Hegemonisation". The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences Vol.15 No.3
Caroline Ifeka, "Ethnic Nationalities, God and the state: Whether the federal republic of Nigeria" RONPE No. 85
Zartman I.W. Conflict Resolution in Africa
Ulterwalgle S. "Rwandas protrated social conflict: Considering the subject perspective in conflict resolution strategies website
Francis M. Deng "Mediating competing claims to self-determination: The case of Sudan" In Issa Shivji (editor). State and constitutionalism: An African Debate on Democracy
Fred W. Riggs, "Globalisation, Ethnic Diversity and Nationalism: The Challenge for Democracies, Website
Pierre du Toit, State Building and Democracy in Southern Africa: Botswana, Zimbabwe, and South Africa Pgs 249-279
Donald C. Williams, "Accommodation in the midst of crisis? Assessing Governance in Nigeria". In Goron Hyden and Michael Brantton (eds.) Governance and Politics in Africa
Rotimi T. Suberu, The National Question and the state, 1986-1999.
Edlyne Anugwom, "Is Democracy Really the Answer: State of Ethnic conflict in Nigeria". Website
Anne Pitch", Overview of conflict management methods". Website
Ghia Nedia, "Nationalism and Democracy".
Joseph E.S. "A new perspective on peace keeping lessons from Bosnia and elsewhere". In Global Governance Vol.3 No.1
Thomas G. Weiss and Amir Pasic, "Reinventing UNHCR: Enterprising Humanitarians in the former Yugoslavia, 1991-1995" Global Governance op. cit.
Toure Kazahm Ethnics religious. Conflicts in Kaduna State.
Etanibi E.O. Alemika and festus oxoye (eds). Ethno-Religious conflicts and democracy in Nigeria: Challenger
Tunde Babawale (ed.) Urban Violence, ethic militias and the challenge of democratic consolidation in Nigeria
Onigu Otite and Isaa Olawale, Community Conflict in Nigeria: Management, Resolution and Transformation
Ashutosh Varshney, "Ethnic conflict and civil society: India and beyond". World Politics Vol.53 No.3
Eghosa E. Osaghae, "Human Rights and Ethnic conflict Management: The case of Nigeria", Journal of Peace Research, Vol.33 No.2
Michelle LeBaron, "Culture and conflict", Website#
Aleski Y. "Grievances and the roots of insurgencies: Sourthern Sudan and Dafur". Journal of peace and development
Rockfeller P.H. "Democracy, Governance and Conflict in Burindi:" Journal of peace and development
Johnnes H. "Institutions, Civil Society and Nationalism in the context of Democratic consolidation: Prospects for democracy in Bosnia Herzegovina". Journal of peace and development.
Bishnu N.M. "Democracy and the claims of diversity. Framing the Indian Experience".
R.B. Jain, "Federalism in India: The Quest for Stability in Democratic Governance".
Jibrin Ibrahim, "Ethno-Religious Limit to the Construction of Federalism in Africa: Yugoslavian and Nigeria Compared.
Aaron T. Gana, "Federalism and the National Question in Nigeria: A theoretical exploration.
Pita Agbese, "Federalism and the Minority Question in Nigeria".
Course Requirements
The teaching of the course is by giving lectures on the topics above. Each topic is expected to be covered in one lecture period. However, the last thirty (30) minutes of each period will be for discussion on chosen text or question for weekly assignment.
Assessment of students is based on end of the semester examination (70%) and continuous Assessment (30%). The CA will be determined in the following ways.
Weekly Assignment/Participation in Discussion/Attendance
There will be weekly readings and presentations of the texts for discussion. As you will be divided into seminars, in the last 30 minutes of each period a seminar will be called upon. Class participation is very important if everyone is to learn from other peoples points of view. Therefore, when a seminar is called some will submit their reports while others will respond.
The readings and the reports are not going to be simple summaries. They should bring out three things. First, is to briefly identify the issues raised in the text. Secondly, bring out one of the major issues and analyse the argument by giving a critique of it. Thirdly, in making the critique bring some empirical evidence to support your observation on the authors’ argument.
My usual rule applies here too. That is that any student who missed one weekly assignment will not be awarded any mark for the weekly assignments.
Research Project
Each seminar will be involved in a small research project. The research paper will reflect the course coverage on globalisation and ethnic conflict issues. The paper is expected to be presented according to a standard of original contribution with theoretical insights on the area of the research. A paper which has not followed the standard and or contains many typographical errors will not be graded.


Research Project Response Paper
The small research project of each seminar will be given to another seminar to respond and present while the original authors will be by the side to defend their works.
ICT Usage
As in POL.4301 we will source many of the teaching materials via the internet. You are expected to perfect the skills you acquired in POL.4301. Every week you will go on internet. The internet partnership and the cyber club will be relevant. On any paper you write I want see a lot of internet input.
Then each member of the class must have an e-mail account. The posting of relevant messages on the course is encouraged. Each seminar will e-mail me any work done collectively while anyone of you who wishes can e-mail me. From our experience of this session in POL.4301 and POL.4313 I will personally open e-mail account specifically, for globalisation and conflict and a different one for military and politics.
Supervised Test
There will be a test based on the paper "Study guidelines for effective performance by my students"
Attendance
Class attendance is very important. You are hereby informed that if you are going to miss my class, please notify me at least 24hours in advance. Any seminar called for weekly presentation anybody present will be awarded 5%. While anybody who is called in the class for whatever reason and is absent will get -5 from his/her total CA.


Simulation of Conflict Resolution
This is to show how to resolve conflict. A conflict situation - real or imagined would be formulated and the students to be organised in a kind of theatre performance of conflict resolution to bring peace.
Poetic Composition
Each member of the class will formulate a poetry which will reflect the subject matter of the course.
Critical Comments by Students on their Classroom Experience
At the end of the semester each seminar will make a presentation on the classroom experience as specified on the teaching programme circulated.
On Being Against Plagiarism
In order to purify the system of learning and research I have to take strict disciplinary action against any student who is found on plagiarism. What is plagiarism? In Oxford Mini reference Dictionary you find the following entries on the word plagiarism - "take and use (another’s writings, etc) as ones own".
To be precise, plagiarism is academic dishonesty. This includes dishonesty in assignments, tests, or in short claiming credit for any work not done or done by others.
To avoid plagiarism you must not paraphrase someone else work and present it as your own. Again, all sources consulted should be properly acknowledged. While reviewing your colleagues work it must be strictly on what the authors wrote about.
The penalty is that any assignment found to be plagiarised will receive a zero. Also, any student found plagiarising in a test will get a zero. Any student found in two instances of plagiarism will result in being assessed "00" in the overall continuous assessment on the course.
DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES
BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO
POL4313: PEACE AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION
The following are semester seminar Essays of students of Peace and Conflict Resolution of the last three Academic Session selected for the contributions they made on the subject. They are recommended for your studies in this academic year (2005/2006). You are hereby encouraged to follow the footsteps of these students by working hard to produce a qualitative Group Essay materials to join these ones.
S/N
Author/s
Title
Year
1.
Francis O.J et al
Africa the home of conflict; An analysis of changing pattern of conflict in a changing world
2003/2004
2.
Mustapha Aminu et al
Conflict Resolution in Post Cold War Africa: An assessment of the role of NGOs
2003/2004
3.
Abdulhamid Ahmad Abdullahi et al
Peacekeeping in Post Cold War Africa: A critical Assessment
2003/2004
4.
Shuaibu Bawa Jaja et al
The prospect and challenge of African Union in Conflict Management and Prevention
2003/2004
5.
Abdullahi Shuaibu Yusuf et al
The role of Ecomog, in Peacekeeping mission in Africa
2003/2004
6.
Idris Yakubu Halliru et al
Conflict Management in a Multi-ethnic and Religious Society: The Nigerian perspective
2003/2004
7.
Adamu Fate Jigaware et al
Globalisation and conflict: A case study of commercial conflict between USA and Europe
2204/2005
8.
Hafsat Y. Yakasai et al
Globalisation and conflict: A case of Iraq-USA War
2004/2005
9.
Muhammad Hambali Mohammad
Globalisation and conflict: A case study of Niger Delta Crisis
2004/2005
10.
Chinedu I.U. et al
Globalisation and Conflict: A case study of Darfur
2004/2005
11.
Hadiza Suleiman Sadiq and others
Information and communication technology: A cause of conflict or a means of conflict resolution
2005/2006
12.
Basher Shehu Abdul and other
The two World of Digitisation: The advantaged and the disadvantaged worlds
2005/2006
13.
Magaji Tsokwa Samfo and other
Globalisation and conflict management/Resolution: A case Study of Nigeria’s Involvement in Peace-keeping operation in Africa
2005/2006
14.
Abdullatif Usman Ishaq
Globalisation, Oil and Conflict in Nigeria: A General Survey of Conflict in Niger Delta Area
2005/2006
15.
Yusuf Muhammad Sani and others
ICT and Ethnic violence in Third World Countries: An assessment of the role of media in promoting Ethnic Violence
2006/2007
16.
Sule Usman and others
Liberal Ethnicity and the quest for peace in the globalising world
200/2007
ALL THE ATTACHMENTS IN POL.4301 ARE ALSO RELEVANT HERE. THESE ARE:
Assessing students examination papers; Marking Scheme
Enhancing students capacity in learning through the use of computers, internet and e-mail
Introducing Team/Group Works in Large Classes
How to use Internet to source reading materials
Study Guidelines for Effective performance by my students
How to make patterned notes from texts
Writing examination: A communicative approach
How to write group semester paper in large classes
How to write Book Review
Communicative Writing: Exploring the concept
Taking Note in Class Lecture or from a Textbook
Using e-journal and e-books for teaching learning and research
Using e-mail for teaching learning and research
Code of ethics in the class of M. M. Yusif
ICT for learning and Education: beyond information
Criticism-self-criticism session
Guidelines for small-research project
Progress Report on ICTs for learning and research
The underlying guides and principles of teaching in my class
Reflecting on Teaching Military and Politics
How to do research: What are the Problems
Information Age: Moving with ICTs to understand the World around us
Progress Report on the teaching of Peace and Conflict Studies


DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES
BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO
POL4313: PEACE AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION
SIMULATION OF CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AND PROVENTION
A scenario of conflict in Nigeria is hereby imagined. It is this: "Nigeria is approaching breakdown of spoils politics whose consequences may lead to internal war, collapse of the state, emergence of warlords and private armies".
As students of peace and conflict resolution you are expected to study, discuss and debate this problem in a mock session of gathering/forum of government officials, University Academics, students, professional organisations, non-governmental organisations, human right organisations, women organisations, pro-democracy organisations, etc.
The intention is to dissect the problem and propose management, provention and prevention of the developing conflict situation.
Suggested guidelines for students study on the matter;
Conceptual framework: students are to note that conflict resolution and provention are literally the same. The only difference is that conflict resolution is a case of short-term approach to conflict which has already developed while provention is the longer term policy approach to eliminate the sources of conflict.
v Because of this difference, the procedures of conflict provention cannot be the same with procedures of conflict resolution.
v In provention there is the problem of what are the parties and what are the issues.
v Actually, the parties in the case of the imagined conflict are not specific one, but the totality of the society
v The issues are broader issues of the common good, and of political interests and ideologies
v You have to be careful as conflict provention is like dealing with unknown and virtually never tried or never yet developed
v Again in conflict resolution the issues are observable. But not in conflict provention
v What is the significance of this case - for stability; democracy and good governance; welfare of the people; sustainable development of Nigeria; etc.
Understanding the problem as conflict:
v Establish layers of causation
v Democracy and intensification of the problem today
v How the patronage system grows
What responses
v The international communities
v The civil society
v The state
The Risk Nigeria faces because of the problem
Risk scenario; breakdown of order; state failure; growth of personalised rule with increasing spoils system; extending democracy.
Along the line what premtive measures are appropriate to challenge the causes? How can state collapse be recognised on the horizon and prevented? What are the effective remedies for the perceived causes and characteristics of the problem?