PROGRAMME OF MINI MINISTERIAL WTO MOCK SUMMIT NOVEMBER, 2010

WTO MOCK SUMMIT GROUP BAYERO UNIVERSITY KANO

PROGRAMME OF MINI MINISTERIAL WTO MOCK SUMMIT NOVEMBER, 2010

THE WTO DOHA GROUND, THE CURRENT ECONOMIC CRISIS AND PROBLEMS FOR MULTI-LATERAL TRADING SYSTEM: WHICH WAY FORWARD

Introduction

The crisis of the WTO multilateral trading system persists. It reached an unbreakable deadlock that the end of it is very difficult to say. The outcome is unpredictable.

 

The current economic crisis has fueled the tensions, disagreements and uncertainties between and among the various groups under the WTO regime.

 

Yes! The Doha Development Agenda is a road map which would give some benefits to all participants. However, some groups may have other options which made it difficult to move forward.

 

The 2010 Mock Summit which will hold in November is planned to bring together countries representing diverse group interests as Mini Ministerial Summit to continue with the discussions of the issues with a view to break the stalemate for a full Ministerial Conference of another Round of Negotiations to carry on.

 

As you are aware the secretariat of the WTO is in Geneva. The administrative bodies include the General Council which is burdened with the responsibilities of day-to-day policy elaboration about the mandate of the Great Organization.

Accordingly the Mini Ministerial Mock Summit will hold in Mock Geneva Organized by the General Council. The General Council has a Chairman and other members all working together with office of the Director General of the WTO.

 

The Mock Summit has a topic as "The WTO Doha Round, the current Multilateral Trading System: which way forward".

 

However, it is not going to be like a symposium, a workshop or round table discussion. It is going to be as we played the mock summit last years. The only differences are:

1. Now there is a topic to give essence of what we are going to do.
   
2. That the present mock summit is not going to be hosted by any member country, but by the Secretariat of the WTO.
   
3. Therefore, the Chairman of the summit is not the Minister of trade of any country, but of the General Council.
   
4. There are no many ministerial delegates as this summit is of special interest groups under the WTO regime.
   
5. Lastly, the format of submissions of the issues both by members of the general Council and Ministerial delegates will be in form of recommendations. But still after recommendations by the delegates, there will be another stage of agreements and disagreements between them.
   

 

MEMBERS OF GENERAL COUNCIL HEADING VARIOUS COMMISSIONS AND PANELS OF THE WTO

1. CHAIRMAN             - LAWI ISA ABDULLAH (Dept. of Biological Sciences)
   
2. DIRECTOR GENERAL     - SURAJO Y. MUHAMMED (Dept. of Political Science)
   
3. TRIPS AND PUBLIC HEALTH - AMINU SALISU (Dept. of Political Science)
   
4. NAMA                 - ALIYU SHEME    (Dept. of Political Science)
   
5. COTTON INITIATIVE         - SULE SULEIMAN (Dept. of Political Science)
   
6. SERVICES: WATER RESOURCES -    ABUBAKAR SALIHU (Dept. of Political Science)
   
7. FISH AND FISHERY IN GLOBAL TRADE    -    MAIMUNA YAKUBU K/MATA (Dept. of Political Science)
   
8. ENVIRONMENTAL    -    JAMILU ABDUSSALAM (Dept. of Political Science)
   
9. TRADE FACILITATION    -    COLLINS Y. SAKWE (Dept. of Political Science)
   
10. RULES GOVERNING TRADE    -    ISA MOHD (Dept. of Political Science)
    
11. TRADE AND DEVT    -    NAZIRU HALLIRU (Dept. of Econs.)
    
12. SPECIAL AND DIFF. TREATMENT     -    ISMAIL HAYATU (Dept. of Econs.)
    
13. DISPUTE SETTLEMENT    -    SHAMSUDDEEN MUSA (Dept. of Pol.Sci.)
    
14. REFORM OF THE WTO    -    DINA RASHEED (Dept of Pol. Sci.)
    

TRADE DELGATES FROM MEMBER COUNTRIES

U.S.A.            BASIRU MUSA (Dept. of Political Science)

EUROPEAN UNION    ABDULGANIYU R. Y.     (Dept. of Agric.)

CANADA        MANSUR ABDULLAHI    (Dept. of Political Science)

JAPAN            MOHAMMED ISMAIL (Dept. of Political Science)

CHINA            BINTA MUHAMMED KURMAWA (Dept. of Political Science)

INDIA            MARYAM SUNUSI SANI (Dept. of Political Science)

BRAZIL        ADAMU ADAMU ALHASSAN (Dept. of Political Science)

SOUTH AFRICA    MOHAMMED YUSUF (Dept. of Political Science)

MALAYSIA        SALIM BALA MOHAMMED (Dept. of Political Science)

NIGER REPUBLIC    MUSTAPHA T. MUHIYIDDEEN (Dept. of Eng. & European Lang)

VENEZUELA        USMAN YAHAYA (Dept. of Political Science)

CUBA            AREMU LATEEF (Dept. of Political Science)

NIGERIA        FATE BUKAR FATE (Dept. of Political Science)

ARGENTINA        HAMZA D. JIBRIL (Dept. of Political Science)

MALAYSIA        MARYAM SULEMAN YAKUB (Dept. of Political Science)

AUSTRALIA        ABDULLAHI SALIHU IBRAHIM (Dept. of Computer Science)

RUSSIA        BASHIR MOHAMMED (Dept. of Sociology)

NEW ZEALAND    AUWAL ABDULLAHI DANBATTA (Dept. of Political Science)

SOUTH KOREA    KABIRU BASIRU (Dept. of Political Science)

GREECE        JOY NZOVIWU (Dept. of Political Science)

KENYA        ABDUSSALAM RILWAN (Dept. of Political Science)

 

OBSERVERS

1. WORLD BANK     -    HAJARA ABDULKADIR (Dept. of Political Science)
   
2. I. M. F.        -    ISYAK USMAN (Dept. of Business Admin.)
   
3. U. N.            -    IBRAHIM ISMAIL (Dept. of Political Science)
   

 

RESERVE LIST

1. IBRAHIM ALHASSAN
   
2. BASIRU NURUDDEEN
   
3. AMINU BELLO
   
4. NAZIRU USMAN BABA KOKI
   
5. BARIRATU ALIYU HAYATU
   
6. ELVIS OLUSHOLA
   
7. KINGSLEY O.
   
8. KABIRU ALI SULEIMAN
   

 

MEDIA CREW

1. SIDDIQUE TANIMUDDARI    (EX STUDENT POL. SCI
   
2. ISHAK ISA ALKASSIM        (Dept. of Mass Communications)
   
3. GARZALI YAKUBU            (FREEDOM RADIO)
   
4. HALIMA IBRAHIM            (Dept. of Political Science)
   
5. ZAINAB SALEH            (Dept. of Political Science)
   
6. BASIRAT ABDULWAHAB        (Dept. of Mass Communications)
   
7. ABUBAKAR IDRIS USMAN     (Dept. of Mass Communications)
   
8. HABU ABUBAKAR            (Dept. of Mass Communications)
   
9. HAIRA SURAJO MOHAMMED
   
10. AISHA OTARU            (Dept. of Lib. Science)
    
11. MARYAM SULE            (Dept. of Mass Communications)
    
12. ESTHER YAKUBU
    
13. JOY MICHEAL            (Dept. of Sociology)
    
14. ZAINAB DAUDA            (Dept. of Mass Communications)
    
15. ZUBAIRU SANI            (Dept. of Mass Communications)
    

 

SECURITY

1. AHMED GOMA                    (To lead the team)
   
2. ABUBAKAR SANI TAMBAI
   
3. MUHAMMAD YAHAYA MUHAMMAD
   
4. HUSSAINI UMAR MAKWAI
   

 

 

HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVISTS

1. MURTALA GAMBO
   
2. PATRICIA ILEWU        (Dept. of Political Science)
   
3. NURADDEEN MOHAMMED        (Dept. of Political Science)
   
4. ABDULLAHI MUSA
   

M. M. Yusif

Director WTO Mock Summit

Bayero University, Kano

Kano - Nigeria

The Buhari Project Nigeria”: A View from Pro-Democracy Activist

"The Buhari Project Nigeria": A View from Pro-Democracy Activist

 

In spite of so many position papers on political and economic development in Nigeria there is no serious nation-wide debate on any blueprint on whether it provides an alternative economic and democracy development. And I could say without fear of ignorance that there is just as clearly no single programme or design, except perhaps for struggle for political and civil rights, by pro-democracy movements, to break from the prison of economic and political neo-liberalism.

 

From the outset of the struggle for democracy, various groups have courageously struggled and in the end we got the democracy. Unfortunately, global forces smartly intervened with all their institutions which have reduced the democracy to "low intensity" democracy.

 

Other groups from the ruling class perspective, in order to capture power claimed to have articulated alternative economic and political programme for development of Nigeria.

 

That is the case with "Buhari project – Nigeria". The history of General Buhari in Nigeria's political history is not new. From the onset of his political adventure, he had never identified with working-class course, not generally speaking with peoples agenda. But of a National capitalist orientation.

 

How is his earlier vision going to fit into the current neo-liberal agenda? Is the "Buhari project-Nigeria" contains the miracles that would give Nigerians the democracy and the economic development beyond the value of neo-liberalism? Why is it the democracy groups and mass organizations have not even identified the "Buhari project-Nigeria" to follow and use to advance their mission for democracy in Nigeria?

 

Is it for ideological reasons that the democracy groups have ignored partnership around "Buhari project-Nigeria"? Oh! Have we lost our theoretical roots? Neo-liberal globalization has narrowed the space of democracy and democracy struggle. The forces are very strong and complex. In order to widen the scope and expand the space for democracy struggles a non-traditional approach even if it is going to involve political risks may not be avoided.

 

That is why struggle for democracy in a neo-liberal society may be adventurous. In a political parlance, at least anarchistic. The experience is a good example. In spite of all the strategic limitations of that experiment, the pro-democracy groups in Latin America have moved chavismo tendency to a political and economic logic of resistance against neo-liberalism.

 

Otherwise, what kind of democracy in a neo-liberal society if the market system is not opposed? What about adding another logic or round on the Leninist tradition, first against neo-liberalism, second a popular or any other democracy which contains original substance of liberal democracy, and finally any other economic structure not of neo-liberal type. Yes! market economic system played a historical progressive role in the death of feudalism, development of capitalism and the formation of a working-class as a strong force which allied with the emerging merchants who metamorphose into the capitalist class to push for development of fine ideas and practice of democracy which propels the self-development and creativity of individuals as well as of the society as a whole.

Is the market of today doing the same thing? No! As Robert Reich (2008) said, it has only succeeded in producing "super capitalism" which crashes democracy in order to allow "Big Business" to thrive.

 

The purpose of this paper is to make an assessment of the "Buhari Project-Nigeria", from a pro-democracy activist point of view. The structure of the paper will contain a theoretical context, the background of Buhari political tendency, the programme and assessment of its limitations as well as going beyond it from a pro-democracy perspective.

 

M. M. Yusuf

Department of Political Science

Bayero University, Kano

A MOCK CONFERENCE OF ARMY CHIEFS/COMMANDANTS AND CIVILIANS ON CIVIL – MILITARY RELATIONS

POL – 4301 – MILITARY AND POLITICS A SIMULATION PROGRAMME – 2008/2009

 

A MOCK CONFERENCE OF ARMY CHIEFS/COMMANDANTS AND CIVILIANS ON CIVIL – MILITARY RELATIONS

COUNTRIES REPRESENTED:-

1. U. S. A.
   
2. UNITED KINGDOM
   
3. NEW ZEALAND
   
4. FRANCE
   
5. GERMANY
   
6. ITALY
   
7. DENMARK
   
8. SWITZERLAND
   
9. THE NETHERLAND
   
10. CANADA
    
11. CHINA
    
12. SOUTH AFRICA
    
13. INDONESIA
    
14. INDIA
    
15. ISRAEL
    
16. NIGERIA
    
17. YUGSOLAVIA
    
18. ROMANIA
    
19. AUSTRALIA
    

 

INTRODUCTION:

Globalization has created new needs and indeed imperatives for global military, security and defence. Thus, inspite of persisting national differences and interests, internalization of security cooperation is a vital condition of national security defence.

In contemporary globalization, there is deep interconnectedness in economic, political, social and cultural process between nations, so security and defence too cannot be met by national isolation. Therefore, cooperative proficiency between nations would have become and remained key component for efficiency of military officers and civilian institutions for security and defence.

The case

Post-cold War changes have transformed modern military to post –modern which among other things involve ch,ange of mission and integration with civilian community. At another level, the notion of security has also changed from merely lack of military threat to any threat against the people even if is by Government economic and social policies. As such security reform now gives the civilians definite roles to play to guarantee security.

 

A stable Civil-Military-Relations is desirable in order for both the Armed forces and civilians to cooperate in order to attain goals of security and defence. We are going to conduct a mock conference of Chief of Army Staff/Army Generals, together with civilian experts to provide a useful forum for the promotion of Civil-Military-Relations.

 

The purpose is to expose students to build capacity on reading and developing of ideas to share and compare with others by collegues.

 

Secondly, will give an opportunity to students to develop what they received from theory-based lectures to the practices across the globe.

Thirdly, as a New Model of Civil Military Relations is fast evolving in many countries, the mock conference will open to the students what is this model and how is it.

 

The mock forum may among others address the following issues if is relevant to the practice of CMR of the countries they are representing:-

1. Democratic control of Armed Forces and Defence structure;
   
2. The need of transparency in military affairs;
   
3. Instilment of Democratic values inside Military Organization;
   
4. Postmodern Armed Forces – New Roles and Missions;
   
5. How is power distributed between Government and Armed Forces;
   
6. What of political-Business-Military Cooperation.
   

Each Seminar Leader is an Army General and Commandant of a Military formation of his country. These are:-

1. Mustapha Mukhtar
   
2. Lawal Shehu
   
3. Sani Garba Wakili
   
4. Abdullahi Mu'awiyah
   
5. Abba Adamu Talba
   
6. Musa Yusuf Yahaya
   
7. Musa Garba Usman
   
8. Abdullahi Shehu Yusuf
   
9. Fa'iza Tukur Pate
   
10. Sani Sabi'u
    
11. Umar A. Ahmed
    
12. Riyauddeen Z. Maitama
    
13. Amina Idris
    
14. Fatima Ali Suwaid
    
15. Moh'd Hashim
    
16. Alaba Kazeem
    
17. Salihi Ahmad Aliyu
    
18. Babangida Salihu
    
19. Anas Sule
    
20. Jamilu haladu
    

One person each will come from each seminar as a civilian expert in the forum of the discussion on CMR

 

M. M. Yusif

April, 2009

 

 

 

A MOCK CONFERENCE OF ARMY CHIEFS/COMMANDANTS AND CIVILIANS ON CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS

POL4301 – MILITARY AND POLITICS

A SIMULATION PROGRAMME – 2008/2009

 

A MOCK CONFERENCE OF ARMY CHIEFS/COMMANDANTS AND CIVILIANS ON CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS

 

Countries Represented:

 

1. USA
   
2. United Kingdom
   
3. New Zealand
   
4. France
   
5. Germany
   
6. Italy
   
7. Denmark
   
8. Switzerland
   
9. The Netherlands
   
10. Canada
    
11. China
    
12. South Africa
    
13. Indonesia
    
14. India
    
15. Israel
    
16. Nigeria
    
17. Yugoslavia
    
18. Romania
    
19. Australia
    

 

Introduction

Globalization has created new needs and indeed imperative for global military, security and defence. Thus, inspite of persisting national differences and interests, internationalization of security cooperation is a vital condition of national security and defence.

 

In contemporary globalization, there is deep interconnectedness in economic, political, social and cultural processes between nations, so security and defence too cannot be met by national isolation. Therefore, cooperative proficiency between nations would have become and remained key component for efficiency of military officers and civilian institutions for security and defence.

 

The Case

Post-colf War changes have transformed modern military ti post-modern which among other things involve change of mission and integration with civilian community. At another level, the notion of security has also changed from merely lack of military threat to any threat against the people even if is by government economic and social policies. As such security reform now gives the civilians definite roles to play to guarantee security.

 

A stable Civil-Military-Relations is desirable in order for both the Armed forces and civilians to cooperate in order to attain goals of security and defence. We are going to conduct a mock conference of Chief of Army Staff/Army Generals, together with civilian experts to provide a useful forum for the promotion of Civil-Military-Relations.

 

The purpose is to expose students to build capacity on reading and developing of ideas to share and compare with others by colleagues.

 

Secondly, will give an opportunity to student to develop what they received from theory-based lectures to the practices across the globe.

 

Thirdly, as a New Model of Civil Military Relations is fast evolving in many countries, the mock conference will open to the students what is this model and how is it.

 

The mock forum may among others address the following issues if is relevant to the practice of CMR of the country they are representing:

1. Democratic control of Armed Forces and Defence structure;
   
2. The need of transparency in military affairs;
   
3. Instilment of democratic values inside military organization;
   
4. Postmodern Armed Forces – New Roles and Missions;
   
5. How is power distributed between government and Armed Forces;
   
6. What of political-business-military cooperation
   

 

Each seminar is an Army General and Commandant of a Military formation of his country. These are:

1. Mustapha Mukhtar
   
2. Lawal Shehu
   
3. Sani Garba Wakili
   
4. Abdullahi Mu'awiyah
   
5. Abba Adamu Talba
   
6. Musa Yusuf Yahaya
   
7. Musa Garba Usman
   
8. Abdullahi Shehu Yusuf
   
9. Fa'izah Tukur Pate
   
10. Sani Sabi'u
    
11. Umar A. Ahmed
    
12. Riyauddeen Z. Maitama
    
13. Amina Idris
    
14. Fatima Ali Suwidi
    
15. Mohammed Hashim
    
16. Alaba Kazeem
    
17. Salihi Ahmad Aliyu
    
18. Babangida Salihi
    
19. anas Sule
    
20. Jamilu Haladu
    

 

One person each will come from each seminar as a civilian expert in the forum of the discussion on CMR

 

M. M. Yusif

April, 2009

CONCEPT OF A DRAMA ON CLIMATE CHANGE TO BE PERFORMED BY WTO MOCK SUMMIT STUDENTS – 2010 BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO – NIGERIA

CONCEPT OF A DRAMA ON CLIMATE CHANGE TO BE PERFORMED BY WTO MOCK SUMMIT STUDENTS – 2010 BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO – NIGERIA

_____________________________________________________________________

 

Development with noises and hazards. Both in towns and villages noises boom every where.

 

Some of these noises are unknown, unrecognized and unidentified. These are the ones from factories. We could see the others always with and around us as motor engines, and power generating machines.

 

In all, these noises are concealed with death traps and underdevelopment. Yes! Or do you not know that all these available engines are gas guzzling polluters?

 

The factory noises in the factory sites and of the motor engines every where on our roads as well as the power generating plants in our houses are accompanied by emissions of many levels of gaseous substances which contain varieties of death chemicals.

 

They bring pollutions of many degrees and layers. From the ground through the space up to the unknown top.

 

Our environment is unconsciously been systematically destroyed. The soil, rivers and air are not spared. Even the natural stones change their nature.

 

Subsequently, the foods we eat become less nutritious and contain dangerous fossils fuels. The river life resources including all species of fish lost their natural being. The flow of rain is also affected. Natural birds are migrating to safer world. What about our water resources?

 

The World Trade Organization, which is the global trade monitor of a global trade, comes heavily with its international food safety measures to bar some of our water resources to get market in Europe and America.

 

That is a multinational corporate strategy. Our country is flooded with genetically – modified seeds and other bio-adjusted scientific measures to adapt to the changes in the soil, and the rivers.

 

Another corporate expectation is that these climate and environmental changes would in the next 20 years result in scarcity of natural pure water to the extent that water would become like oil for export and import to make profit.

 

Old and New diseases thriving everywhere because of the climate and environmental changes. What another source of big profit by big corporate interest?

 

They do not want pay compensation. They do not want miss their market. Capitalism is not a moral matter. For them the profit must continue. So, what is our solution? First, the Federal Government of Nigeria is hereby advised that it could protect Nigeria's environment by regulating the kind of factory machines, motor engines and power generating plants that come and are used in the country by application of the principles of the 1992 United Nations framework Convention on climate change and the 1997 Kyoto Protocol.

 

Second, to develop and pursue independently, the science of climate change, including teaching and research programmes of the science in Nigeria's various tertiary institutions.

 

Third, to cultivate the culture in Nigerians both in towns and villages of a greenish environment.

M. M. Yusif

13/09/2010

CLIMATE CHANGE GROUP OF THE WTO – MOCK SUMMIT 2010

There is going to be a team of members of the club to discuss the concept paper of a drama on climate change to be performed during the mock summit 2010. The team is to come out with detail of the said concept paper-scene by scene on how it will be demonstrated as a theater work.

 

Members of this team are:

S/N	NAME	POSITION	DEPT.	PHONE NO.
1.	LAWI ISAH ABDULLAHI	Chairman	Bio. Sci.	08037049846
2.	NAFIU OSAMA SHITU	Secretary	Mass Com.	08062473685
3.	ABDUL-GANIYU RUFAI	Member	Agric. Dept.	08133646976
4.	SURAJO Y. MUHHAMMAD	Member	Pol. Sci.	08067041918
5.	OSAHON JUNIOR O.	Member	Pol. Sci.	08060670797
6.	YAHAYA USMAN YAHAYA	Member	Pol. Sci.	08033417812
7.	COLLINS Y. SAKWE	Member	Pol. Sci.	08038353002
8.	MOHAMMED MURTKAR	Member	Computer Sci.	08065599004
9.	MUSTAPHA T. M.	Member	English Dept.	08067664077

 

The team is allowed to incorporate any other person who would be useful in giving drama perspective to the concept. However, the original concept which is about development and destruction of environment, showing the response of WTO and the challenges for Nigeria has remain the focus.

 

Date:…………………………………

Venue:………………………………

Time:………………………………..

M. M. Yusif

Director WTO Mock Summit

28/09/2010

Re: Teaching Responsibility

28^th October, 2004

 

The Head,

Department of Political Science,            

Bayero University,

Kano.

 

Dear Sir,

Re: Teaching Responsibility

It is necessary to make a formal submission in this form so that in future the Departmental Board (which statutorily comprised of all Academic Staff in the Department) is not regarded like a gathering of gossip making and jokes.

It happened yesterday, when in a moment of personal discussion among colleagues a decision on assignment of teaching responsibilities was changed without recourse and respect to the institution under which the divisions of the responsibilities were made. This is the case of teaching of an MPPA course – industrial Relation.

 

If I had known that was the issue of the discussion between Dr. Jalingo and Dr. Kamilu I would not had joined them to say hello to my respected colleagues. But as soon as I greeted them I found that they, with the Acting Head of Departmant had already taken a decision to reverse the decision taken collectively in a Departmental meeting.

 

Indeed, I unreservedly poured out my feelings and anger in the presence of Dr. Kamilu and later Dr. Salihi. So, I have put it behind me. It is not a surprise for me. I know it would happen.

However, the position does not seem good for institutional building in a democracy and for healthy academic pursuits. Imagine the most senior colleague in the Department would rise to frenzy because the course he has been teaching since the MPPA Programme was introduced is assigned to his former student. I think my respected teacher wanted to emulate those aged British professors who retain their teaching disciplines for life. My respected teacher must not ignore the reality that the University system in Britain is no the same with the system in Nigeria. While in Britain he could be a chair at this age but in Nigeria still he is not. Secondly, in Britain the ambition and the respect of those professors have always been that there are their students or former students who can be called to take their courses. Not that when they are looking tied or are away for most of the teaching period there is nobody who would take their responsibilities.

 

It is because my respected teacher does not give himself time to think about the attitude of those British Professors so that he can be like that in 1989 when I made a submission to the Department on "Labour Studies programme", that even though he was the head of Department, but it was left to die a natural death. Notwithstanding, I want my respected teacher to know that I am the one who first introduced Labour and Politics Study in this Department as a Special Topic before it came a regular course. Even the course on Industrial Relations in the MPPA Programme I proposed the content and the Department wanted me to handle it but I personally declined for my teacher to teach the course.

 

I have sent this note to you not because I am angry but to inform you and give you another dimension and manifestation of the crisis today in the University System. Which you could within your own power and limits inspire of everything do something to salvage the system.

M. M. Yusif.

cc:    Dr. Ahmadu Usman Jalingo

    Dr. Haruna Salihi

    Dr. Kamilu Sani Fagge

GLOBALIZATION, CRISIS OF CITIZENSHIP/IDENTITY AND ETHNIC CONFLICT – 2009/2010

BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO

 

FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

 

POL. 4313: PEACE AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION

 

SUB-THEME: GLOBALIZATION, CRISIS OF CITIZENSHIP/IDENTITY AND ETHNIC CONFLICT – 2009/2010

 

 

INSTRUCTOR: M. M. YUSUF

 

mmyusuf58@yahoo.com

mmyusuf07@gmail.com

polbuk@yahoo.com

http://www.mmyusuf.blogspol.com

 

 

 

 

Description of the Course

The last 20 years have seen another round of waves of ethnic conflict and national identity question across the globe.

 

This development has revealed the contradictions inherent in ethnic and national relationship built over many decades and centuries ago.

 

These changes bring out difficult questions about nation-state citizenship such that settler-indigenes or simply citizenship becomes a ground of ethnic conflict and raised to a higher level of discourse among scholars. Whereas this problem had been on the agenda of academic discourse, but in the last two decades we have seen proliferation of research and studies on citizenship and identity problems.

 

Fist to throw light about citizenship it can be constructed and or explained politically, culturally and legally. Politically it implies inclusion in a self-governing belonging to a specific national community, defined both by territorial boundaries and cultural practices. Legally, citizenship is a universal norm which means the possession of a set of civil, political and social rights.

 

This conceptualization of citizenship necessarily associates citizenship with nation-state. In other words a citizen of a nation-state is also a national of the state. But foreigners, even if they live there, it is said cannot belong.

 

However, we may pose other problematics. One is that in the face of globalization, what does it mean to be a citizen of any nation in a world where the nation state's rights and sovereignty have been eroded. Second, globalization has also produced global citizens i.e. people with global responsibilities of global governing institutions. Third, what of new "transnational citizens", of migrants to other parts of the world in control of big businesses in where they settle but still retaining commitment to their home country.

 

Thus, there has been social transformation caused by globalization which allows "hierarchical citizenship" in a world of unequal Nation – states. As such, while globalization makes citizens of the world to share common, values and knowledge, in reality it has also fragmented identities and rekindled ethnic divisions.

 

A famous theorist of culture and society, Ernest Gellner, observed that "---- for a given society to persist, it must be one in which its people can breath and speak and produce --- the same culture. But now in the age of fragmentation of the world system, notions of culture that were once constructed on the basis of the national must be reviewed. This new crisis of identity affecting both the centre and periphery of the world system reflects the tenuous conception of a bounded notion of culture and the idea of a homogenizing oneness of the nation state community and its rather static's, elitist and conflated conception of identity".

 

Such situation, as has been the case resulted in tense ethnic relationships, ethnicity and identity politics and social conflict. The concept of identity has two common, but opposite meanings. One, according to Mustafa Koc is that identity "is defined as a constitution based on the recognition of familiar and shared derivations including but not limited to ethnic, linguistic, religious, historical, territorial, cultural and political attributes with other people, groups or ideal". Second, is that identity is a continuous process of change of becoming rather than being. In other words, it is something constantly changing and transforming within the historical, social and cultural developments and practices such as globalization, modernity, and new innovations in technology.

 

Both meanings usually accommodate the problematic of citizenship as a result of transformation of identity of ethnic formations. One can see that the effect of these changes and the outcome are not limited to underdeveloped countries. But also in the developed world.

 

In terms of strategies for ethnic management of this kind of situation, contemporary experiments show that both political and economic strategies to guarantee democracy in governance and development in economic relations are imperative.

 

From the above contextualization of the subject, the course is presented in three parts of a single body of knowledge. First, is the conceptualization of globalization, citizenship and National identity. Second, is about citizenship, identity question and ethnic conflicts across the globe. This part will bring to focus, African, Latin America, Asian and European perspectives. Thirdly, is the strategy of ethnic identity and ethnic conflict management.

 

The objective of the course is to broaden the focus of students with a global perspective on citizenship, identity crisis and ethnic conflict and management of ethnicity and pluralism.

 

Topics and Readings

• Introduction: an Overview About the Course: The Topics to be Treated; Discussion About the Readings; Course Requirements; Aid from My Website For Learning and Research; Assessment of the Programme by Students; Rethinking the Study of Ethnic Conflict; Other Issues.
  
• Basic Concepts and Approaches (1): Definition of Key Concepts – Globalization; Citizenship; Identity; Ethnic; Ethnicity; Ethnic Conflict; Nation; Nationality; Nationalism; Multiculturalism; Pluralism; Migration.
  
• Basic Concepts and Approaches (2): Citizenship and Ethnic Identity Under Pressure from Globalization.
  
• Migration, Citizenship and Ethnic Conflict.
  
• Globalization, Cultural and Ethnic Conflict.
  
• Settlers and Residents Crisis: Citizenship Question and Ethnic Conflict in Nigeria
  
• Citizenship Question, Democracy and Ethnic Conflict in Nigeria.
  
• Citizenship, Environmental Issues and Ethnic conflict in the Niger Delta of Nigeria.
  
• Comparative Analysis of Citizenship Questions and Ethnic Conflict in Africa, Latin America, Asia, Europe, and Canada.
  
• Globalization, Citizenship Questions and Ethnic Conflict Management.
  
• Reports on Semester Group Projects and Response Papers.
  
• Concluding remarks by the course instructor on the course and performance of the students during the course work; critical comments by students on their classroom experience and views on the subject – matter of the course; eating and chatting.
  

Readings

• Stephan V. F. Guide to methods for Students of Political Science.
  
• Ronaldo Munck, The Difficult Dialogue: Marxism and Nationalism
  
• Samir Amin, Class and nation: Historically and in the Current Crisis. Chapter 1
  
• G. Glezerman, Classes and Nations. Chapter 1 and 2
  
• Jaroslav K. and Vitezalav V., Ethnic and Political Nations in Europe. Chapter 3
  
• Peter A. Nationalism. Chapter 5
  
• Cheryl H. "The National Question, Ethnic and State: Some Insights on South Africa". In Nzongola – Ntalaga and Margaret Lee (eds.). The State and Democracy in Africa
  
• John Burton, Conflict Resolution pgs 1 – 11
  
• IRC, Conflict Resolution pgs 6 – 12
  
• Robert Cox, A perspective on globalization
  
• Cerry Philip G., "Globalisation and the Changing Logic of Collective Action". International organization 49 (1995).
  
• Kofman, E. and G. Youngs (eds.) Globalisation: Theory and Practice
  
• James Mittlemann (eds.) Critical Reflections
  
• Jan Aart Scholte, Globalisation: A Critical Introduction.
  
• Michael Zurn, Global Governance and Legitimacy problems
  
• Thomas Risse, Social Constructionism Meets Globalisation
  
• Seyla Benhabib, Twilight of Sovereignty or the Emergence of Cosmopolitan Norms? Rethinking Citizenship in Volatile Times.
  
• Robert Van krieken, Citizenship and Democracy in Germany: Implications for Understanding Globalisation.
  
• Judith Gans, "Citizenship in the Context of Globalisation".
  
• Stephen Castles, "Hierarchical Citizenship in a world of Unequal Nation – State".
  
• Christian Joppke, "How Immigration is Changing Citizenship: A Comparative view", Ethnic and Racial Studies 23 No. 4 (1999).
  
• Therese J. F. A. and others, "Marxist and Non-Marxist Approaches to Migration in Tropical Africa". In African Perspectives Vol. 1 (1978).
  
• Jod W. G. and Victor P., "African Migration and Peripheral Capitalism". Ibid.
  
• Rafique R., "The Nature of Rural Migration in Hausa land: with Special Reference to Kano and Kaduna States".
  
• John Tomlinson, "Globalisation and Cultural Identity".
  
• Phillip O. S. "Globalisation and Cultural Conflict in Developing countries. The South African Example".
  
• Mustafa Koc, "Cultural Identity Crisis in the Age of Globalisation and Technology".
  
• David Rothkop, "In Praise of Cultural Imperialism? Effects of Globalisation on Culture". Foreign Policy June, 1997.
  
• Paolo Catenaccio, Between Multiculturalism and Globalisation.
  
• Subhabrata Bobby Banajee and Stephen Linstead, Globalisation, Multiculturalism and other Fictions: Colonialism for the New Millennium?
  
• Elizabeth May, Citizenship and Globalisation: Exploring Participation and Democracy in a Global Context.
  
• Eghosa E.Osaghae, "Introduction; Globalisation, Diversity and Citizenship". Identity, Culture and Politics. Vol. 5. Nos. 1 and 2 (2004).
  
• Bashir U. K. and Raufu Mustapha, The State, Citizenship and Democracy in Nigeria: A case Study of Zangon – kataf in Kaduna State – Conference Paper.
  
• Jibrin Ibrahim, "The Transformation of Ethnic – Regional Identities in Nigeria". Conference Paper.
  
• Berch B. "Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict in the age of Globalisation".
  
• Ashley W. D. "Rethinking the National Question: Toward a Theory of Ethnicity and Nationality in the New World Order".
  
• Alliance Marxist – Leninist, The National Question in the era of Globalisation.
  
• Eskor Toyo, The national Question in Nigeria.
  
• The debate on the National Question and Radical Politics in Nigeria.
  
• Banguru Yusuf, The Search for Identity, Ethnicity and Political Violence.
  
• Banguru Yusuf and Toshihiro Nakamera, Democratisation and Governance Reform in Plural Societies.
  
• Ghia Nadin, "National and Democracy".
  
• Anamaria D. Globalisation and Ethnic Conflict: beyond the Liberal – Nationalist Distinction.
  
• Daniel Convers, Americanisation and the Planetary Spreal of Ethnic Conflict: The Globalisation trap.
  
• John R. Bowen, "The Myth of Global Ethnic Conflict". Journal of Democracy Vol. 7 No. 4.
  
• Samir Amin, Capitalism in the Age of Globalisation. Chapter 4.
  
• Fred W. Riggs, Globalisation, Ethnic Diversity and Nationalism: The Challenge for Democracies.
  
• Robin Wilson, Republicanism, Multiculturalism and Cosmopolitanism.
  
• Samuel P. "Huntington, The clash of Civilisations".
  
• Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History".
  
• James Kurth, "Europes Identity Problem and the New Islamist War".
  
• Philip Jenkins, "Demographics, Religion and the Future of Europe".
  
• Samuel G. E. "Ethnicity and Citizenship Rights in Nigeria".
  
• Dun P. S. "Ethnicity and political Conflict in Jos: Emergence, Dimensions and the Way forward".
  
• Mahmood M. 'Kivu 1997"; An essay on Citizenship and the State in Africa".
  
• Mahmood M. Citizen and Subject
  
• S. E. Osaghae, "The problem of Citizenship in Nigeria".
  
• Festus Okoye (ed.), Ethnic and Religious Rights in Nigeria. Chapter 3,4,5, and 6.
  
• Crawford Young, "Nation, Ethnicity and Citizenship: Dilemmas of Democracy and Civil Order. In Okello O. and Yakubu N. (eds.). Brain Gaino for the African Renaissance.
  
• Ibrahim Muazzam (ed.), The Citizenship Question in Nigeria. Chapter 1, 2, 5, 6, and7
  
• Toure Kazah Toire, Ethno – Religious Conflict in Kaduna State. Chapter 1 and 4
  
• Nnoli O., Ethnic politics in Nigeria. (1978)
  
• Nnoli O. Ethnic Politics in Nigeria (2008)
  
• Alubo O. Nigeria: Ethnic Conflicts and Citizenship Crisis in the Central Region.
  
• Abah O. S. Geographies of Citizenship in Nigeria.
  
• Remi A. "The Changing Nature of Ethnic Conflicts: Reflections on the Tiv – Jukun Situation".
  
• Fredrick Fasehon, "The Failure of the Nigerian State and the Necessity for Identity Politics".
  
• Rotimi Suberu, Ethnic Minorities and the Crisis of Democratic Governance in Nigeria. In Dele Olowu et al.
  
• Onigu Otite and Isaac Olawale (eds.), Community Conflict in Nigeria: management, Resolution and Transformation. Chapter 3, 4, 8, 9, 11 and 12.
  
• Kuna M. J. "The Sokoto Caliphate, Colonialism, and the formation of identities: The Construction of Northern Nigeria"
  
• Wunmi William, "Citizenship Question and Environmental Crisis in the Niger – Delta: A Critical Reflection".
  
• Rudolf T. M. and Douglas Y. (eds.). Oil Policy in the Gulf of Guinea: Security and conflict, Economic Growth, Social Developemnt. Chapter 8 and 11
  
• Odia Ofeimun, "The Nationality Dimension, Renewal Nationalist Agitations and the Politics of Subvertal Federalism In Nigeria". In the CDHR, Boiling Point: The Crisis in the Oil Producing Cmmunities in Nigeria.
  
• Human Rights Watch. The Price of Oil: Corporate Responsibility and Human Rights Violations in Nigeria's Oil Producing Communities. Chapter 5, 6, and 8.
  
• Kenneth Omeje, "The State, Conflict and Evolving Politics in the Niger – Delta, Nigeria". ROAPC No. 101.
  
• Ojaikonotu Victor, "Oil, Minorities and Politics of Exclusion in the Niger – Delta of Nigeria.
  
• Amy Chua, World on Fire: How Exporting Free Market Democracy Breeds Ethnic Hatred and Global Instability.
  
• Nathan Glazer and Daniel P. M. Ethnicity: Theory and Experience. Chapter 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14.
  
• Peter S. L. (ed.). Race and Ethnic Relations in Canada. Various.
  
• Jean L. E. (ed.). Two Nations, Many Cultures: Ethnic Groups in Canada. Various.
  
• Chris O. Uroh, "Consensus and Conflict Management in Plural Societies. Threading the Middle Path".
  
• Rev. Peter B. T. "Conflict Management in a Multi – Ethnic and Multi – Religious Society". In Etanbi E. O. Alemika and Festus Okoye (eds.). Ethno – Religious Conflicts and Democracy in Nigeria.
  
• Emmy Godwin Irobi, Ethnic Conflict Management in Africa: A Comparative Case Study of Nigeria and South Africa.
  
• Eric Kaufmann, "Liberal Ethnicity". Beyond Liberal Nationalism and Minority Rights.
  
• R. T. Akinyele, "Power – Sharing and Conflict Management in Africa: Nigeria, Sudan and Rwanda". Africa Development Vol. 25 No. 3 and 4 (2000).
  
• Victor A. K. "Conflict Management in the Former USSR and World experience".
  
• Fracis M. D. "Mediating Competing Claims to Self – Determination: The Case of Sudan". In Issa Shivji (ed.) State and Constitutionalism: An African debate on Democracy.
  
• R. B. Jain, "Federalism in India: The Quest for Stability in Democratic Governance".
  
• Bishna N. M. "Democracy and the Claims of Diversity: Framing the Indian Experience.
  
• Jibrin Ibrahim, "Ethno – Religious Limit to the Construction of Federalism in Africa: Yugoslavia and Nigeria Compared.
  
• Aaron T. G. "Federalism and the National Question in Nigeria: A Theoritical Explanation.
  
• Arend Lijphart, Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration
  
• Zwawi Ibrahim, "Globalisation and National Identity: Managing Ethnicity and Cultural Pluralism in Malaysia".
  
• Rian Leath and Hussaini Solomon, On Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflict Management in Nigeria. "Africa Journal of Conflict Resolution". No. 1 (2001).
  
• Eric Stern et al. "Crisis Management in Transitional Democracies: The Baltic Experience". Government and Opposition Vol. 37.
  
• Steven L. Burg, "Nationalism and Civil Identity: Ethnic Models for Macedonia and Kosovo". Government and Opposition Vol. 37
  
• Ahmad H. H. "The Reconceptualisation of Conflict Management". Journal of Peace and Development.
  
• Perry Mars, "Ethnic Politics Mediation and Conflict Resolution: The Guyana Experience.
  
• Anastassia Obydenkova, "Institutional Tools of Conflict Management – Asymmetrical Federalism in Ethnic – Territorrial Conflicts: Quantitative Analysis of Russian Regions. Peace, Conflict and Developemnt. Vol. 7 (2005).
  
• Anne Pitch, "Overview of Conflict management Method".
  
• Caroline Ifeka, Ethnic Nationalities, God and the State: Whether the Federal Republic of Nigeria". ROAPC No. 85.
  
• Donald Rathchild, "Reconfiguring State – Ethnic Relations in Africa: Libhralisation and the Search for New Routines of Interactive". In Peter Lewis (eds.) Africa: Dilemmas of Developemnt and change.
  
• Nnoli O. Ethnicity and Democracy in Africa: Intervening variables.
  
• Marina Ottaway, " Ethnic Politics in Africa: Change and Continuity". In Richard Joseph (eds.) State, Conflict and Democracy in Africa.
  
• Eghosa E. Osaghoe". Human Rights and Ethnic Conflict Management: The case of Nigeria". Journal of Peace Research Vol. 33 No. 2.
  
• Hans, O. S. "Foreign Capital and Social Conflict in Indonesia". In Robert I. Rihodes (ed.)
  
• A. S. Mohammed, "The Dynamics of the Current Ethnic Conflicts". Nigerian Journal of Policy and Strategy Vol. 12 Nos. 1 and 2.
  
• Abdul Raufu Mustapha, "The National Question and Radical Politics in Nigeria". ROAPE No. 37.
  
• Sule Bello, The Enemy Within: The Challenges of Managing Multiculturalism in Nigeria.
  
• Greeme Duncan, Marx and Mill! Two Views of Social Conflict and Social Harmony.
  
• Delmer M. Hilyard, "Research Models and Designs for the Study of Conflict". In the Freid E. Jandt (ed.). Conflict Resolution Through Communication.
  

 

Course Requirement

• The teaching of the course is by giving lectures. Each topic is expected to be covered in one lecture period. When the duration of the semester is against my plan some topics may be combined for treatment. However, the last 30minutes of each period will be for presentation and discussion on chosen text or question.
  
• Assessment of students is based on end ofsemester examination (70%) and continuous assessment (30%). The CA will be determined by obligatory weekly assignment; active participation in discussing the assignment; a group small research project; research project response paper; a supervised test; ICT usage; attendance;
  
• At the end of the semester each seminar will submit a report on classroom experience
  
• There are many teaching aids on my website which are recommended to enhance the capacity of students in ICT, communicative writing, etc.
  
• In order to purify the system of learning and research I have to take strict disciplinary action against any student who is found on plagiarism. To avoid plagiarism you must not copy or paraphrase someone else work and present it as your own. Again, all texts consulted should be properly acknowledge. The penalty is that any work found to be plagiarism will receive zero. And any student found in two cases of plagiarism will result in being assessed "00" in the overall CA on the course.
  

 

My watch word in this year's teaching is whatever ideas received from me or from text books given to read are not correct and final. You must challenge and criticize them in order to keep learning.

 

M. M. YUSUF